According to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, household spending dropped 4.4 percent from a year earlier in the recording period.
The fall in household spending in April marked the second consecutive month of decline, according to the ministry's data.
Spending by households with two or more people averaged 303,076 yen (2,172 U.S. dollars) in the reporting period, the ministry said.
Accounting for more than half of Japan's gross domestic product (GDP), household spending is a key gauge of private consumption.
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